HASMAN’S FACTORS OF ENGLISH HEGEMONY
Keywords:
Keywords: English hegemony, global English, lingua franca, Hasman, linguistic imperialism, language policy, globalization, soft power.Abstract
Abstract. English is no longer simply the national language of Britain and the United States. It is the language in which most of the world does science, business, aviation and much of its online communication. In her well-known article “The Role of English in the 21st Century” [6], Melvia Hasman explains this position through a set of interrelated factors rather than a single cause. This paper looks at those factors one by one: the historical legacy of the British Empire, the economic and political weight of the United States, the dominance of English in science and technology, its role in international organizations and professional communication, the influence of popular culture and the media, and the growth of English in education. The study is based on a qualitative analysis of Hasman’s work and of later research on global English, including the critical tradition of linguistic imperialism. It argues that Hasman’s factors still explain the hegemony of English well, but that they need to be read alongside questions of linguistic inequality and the rise of local varieties. The Uzbek context is used as an example of how these global forces shape language policy and learners’ motivation.
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