ALALIYA TASHXISI: KLINIK, NEYROPSIXOLOGIK VA LOGOPEDIK DIAGNOSTIKANING ZAMONAVIY YONDASHUVLARI
Keywords:
Kalit so‘zlar: alaliya, motor alaliya, sensor alaliya, nutq buzilishi, nutq rivojlanishi, logopedik diagnostika, differensial diagnostika, neyropsixologik baholash, artikulyatsion praksis.Abstract
Ushbu maqolada bolalarda uchraydigan alaliya tashxisining klinik, logopedik va
neyropsixologik jihatlari ilmiy-nazariy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Alaliya bolaning erta
rivojlanish davrida nutqning shakllanishi va rivojlanishining jiddiy buzilishi bo‘lib,
uning klinik ko‘rinishi faqat bolaning gapira olmasligi bilan cheklanmaydi. Maqolada
motor, sensor va aralash alaliya shakllarining asosiy xususiyatlari, nutqni tushunish,
fonologik qayta ishlash, lug‘at, grammatik tuzilma, artikulyatsion praksis va
bog‘langan nutqni baholash masalalari yoritiladi. Shuningdek, alaliyani eshitish
buzilishi, rivojlanish til buzilishi, bolalikdagi nutq apraksiyasi, autizm spektri buzilishi
va intellektual rivojlanish buzilishlaridan farqlashning ahamiyati asoslanadi.
Zamonaviy diagnostik yondashuvga ko‘ra, alaliya tashxisi bitta test yoki alohida
simptom asosida emas, balki bolaning rivojlanish anamnezi, eshitish holati, kognitiv
faoliyati, nutq va tilning barcha komponentlari hamda real kommunikativ
imkoniyatlarini kompleks baholash asosida amalga oshirilishi lozim. Erta va aniq
diagnostika individual korreksion-logopedik yordamni to‘g‘ri tashkil etish va bolaning
keyingi ta’lim hamda ijtimoiy moslashuvini yaxshilashda muhim ahamiyatga ega.
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