MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF VIRAL ENTRY INTO CELLS AND VIRAL REPLICATION
Keywords:
virus, host cell, receptor, endocytosis, membrane fusion, capsid, genome, replication, translation, viral proteins, virion, CRISPR, molecular simulation, antiviral therapy.Abstract
This article analyzes the major molecular mechanisms involved in
viral entry into host cells and viral replication within cells. The processes by which
viruses recognize specific receptors on the surface of host cells, bind to these
receptors, enter cells through endocytosis or membrane fusion, undergo uncoating,
replicate their genomes, synthesize viral proteins, assemble new virions, and release
them from infected cells are discussed step by step. Particular attention is given to the
molecular interactions between viruses and host cells, including the ways in which
viruses utilize cellular organelles and metabolic processes. The article also examines
modern and innovative approaches in virology, including molecular simulation,
CRISPR-based genome screening, artificial membrane platforms, artificial
intelligence, and targeted development of antiviral agents.
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