MODERN LABORATORY AND INSTRUMENTAL METHODS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS: CURRENT OPPORTUNITIES AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Keywords:
tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, laboratory diagnostics, instrumental diagnostics, molecular methods, imaging techniques.Abstract
Tuberculosis remains one of the most significant infectious
diseases worldwide, posing substantial challenges to public health due to its high
prevalence and mortality. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective
disease control and successful treatment outcomes. This review examines the current
laboratory and instrumental methods used in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, including
microbiological, molecular, immunological, and imaging techniques. The diagnostic
capabilities, advantages, and limitations of these approaches are discussed. The
combined application of laboratory and instrumental investigations improves the
detection of both active and latent tuberculosis, facilitates timely therapeutic
interventions, and enhances patient monitoring. The integration of modern diagnostic
technologies plays a crucial role in improving clinical outcomes and reducing the
global burden of tuberculosis.
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