O‘ZBEKISTONDA YASHIL MOLIYALASHTIRISH MEXANIZMLARI: INVESTITSIYA RESURSLARINING TAQSIMLANISHI VA EKOLOGIK TRANSFORMATSIYA SAMARADORLIGI
Keywords:
Kalit so‘zlar: yashil moliya; yashil obligatsiya; kapital taqsimoti; iqlimga moslashuv; barqaror moliya; HHI; qo‘shimcha investitsiya; ta’sirni baholash; O‘zbekiston.Abstract
Annotatsiya: Maqolada O‘zbekistondagi yashil moliyalashtirishning amaliy ishlash mexanizmi 2023-yilda chiqarilgan 4,25 trln so‘mlik suveren yashil obligatsiya misolida o‘rganiladi. Asosiy e’tibor mablag‘lar qaysi yo‘nalishlarga ajratilgani, ular qaysi yillardagi xarajatlarni qoplagani va e’lon qilingan ekologik ko‘rsatkichlar nimani anglatishiga qaratilgan. Hisob-kitoblar Iqtisodiyot va moliya vazirligining ikkinchi taqsimot va natijadorlik hisoboti, Sustainalytics tekshiruvi va SIAT statistikasi asosida bajarilgan; OECD, UNDP, Jahon banki hamda EBRD materiallari institutsional kontekstni tushuntirish uchun ishlatilgan. Taqsimot konsentratsiyasi HHI va samarali toifalar soni bilan, hududiy moslik esa Spearman korrelyatsiyasi yordamida tavsifiy baholanadi.Hisoblashlarga ko‘ra, mablag‘larning 88,16 foizi suv bilan bog‘liq ikki vazifa guruhiga to‘g‘ri keladi. Konsentratsiya indeksi to‘qqiz dastur bo‘yicha 0,1973, ular to‘rtta keng guruhga birlashtirilganda esa 0,4377 ni tashkil etdi. Xarajatlarning 53,75 foizi 2021–2022-yillarda amalga oshirilgan. Demak, 4,25 trln so‘mlik emissiyani shu hajmdagi mutlaqo yangi ekologik investitsiya sifatida talqin qilish to‘g‘ri emas. Hisobotda 2024-yil uchun 24,90 mln m³ suv tejalishi va 2 717 gektar o‘rmonlashtirish qayd etilgan. Biroq bu natijalarning aynan obligatsiya hisobidan kelib chiqqan ulushini mavjud ochiq ma’lumotlar bilan ajratib bo‘lmaydi. Maqolada aynan shu farqdan kelib chiqib, loyiha darajasidagi monitoringni kuchaytirish bo‘yicha tavsiyalar beriladi.
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Statistik ma’lumotlarga murojaat: 22.10.2026. Hisob-kitoblar rasmiy hisobot summalari asosida muallif tomonidan qayta bajarildi. Manbalarning nomlari va havolalari nashrga topshirish sanasida qayta tekshirilishi lozim.
