MODERN ADVANCEMENTS AND INNOVATIONS IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS: DESIGN, EFFICIENCY, AND SUSTAINABILITY
Keywords:
Keywords: wastewater treatment, activated sludge, aerobic granular sludge, membrane bioreactor, anammox, energy efficiency, resource recovery, sustainability.Abstract
Abstract. This paper examines recent advances in the design and operation of wastewater treatment plants, including aerobic granular sludge, membrane bioreactors, mainstream anammox, digital process control and resource recovery. The principal design relations (Monod kinetics, solids retention time, oxygen demand, energy balance and membrane resistance) are summarized, and a two-scenario calculation is carried out for a representative plant treating 50,000 m³ per day. According to the model, a scheme that combines high-rate carbon capture, anammox-based nitrogen removal and advanced aeration control lowers total electricity demand by about 24% and aeration energy by about 43% compared with a conventional configuration. Electricity produced from biogas then covers 93% of the plant’s demand, against 52% in the conventional case. The results can support the modernization of existing plants and the design of new ones in Uzbekistan.
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