FROM CLASSROOM TO CAREER: INTEGRATING ESP (ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES) IN TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

Abstract

In the twenty-first century, the architecture of the global labor market is undergoing a profound and irreversible transformation. Accelerated by rapid technological advancements, globalized industrial networks, and cross-border economic integration, the traditional definitions of professional competence have shifted dramatically. For Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions, the historic mandate has been unequivocal: to equip learners with practical, hands-on trade skills that guarantee immediate labor market entry.