MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AFTER SPLENECTOMY

Abstract

Splenectomy remains an important surgical procedure for the management of traumatic splenic injury, hematologic disorders, and certain malignancies. However, the absence of splenic function increases the risk of infectious, thromboembolic, and immunological complications, making appropriate postoperative management essential. This article reviews current management strategies after splenectomy, focusing on vaccination protocols, antibiotic prophylaxis, patient education, thromboprophylaxis, and long-term clinical follow-up. Particular attention is given to the prevention of overwhelming post-splenectomy infection (OPSI), one of the most serious complications associated with asplenia. The article also discusses recent recommendations for individualized patient care and multidisciplinary management aimed at reducing morbidity and improving long-term outcomes. Effective postoperative surveillance and adherence to evidence-based preventive measures are crucial for enhancing the quality of life and survival of splenectomized patients.