ANALYSIS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ON THE EFFECT OF INTRODUCED MEDICINAL PLANTS ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF SALINITY IN UZBEKISTAN

Abstract

This article evaluates scientific research regarding the impact of soil salinity on the growth and physiological development of introduced medicinal plants in Uzbekistan. By systematizing the findings of prominent regional scientists, the study interprets the mechanisms of plant adaptation to saline environments. Key emphasis is placed on the morpho-anatomical modifications occurring under salt stress, specifically the development of xeromorphic features such as cuticle thickening, reduced stomatal density, and increased sclerenchyma in stem tissues.

The analysis further explores the non-linear relationship between salinity levels and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, noting that while moderate stress may enhance pharmaceutical potency, excessive mineralization in regions like Karakalpakstan significantly limits biomass and industrial yield. The study concludes that successful introduction in extreme arid zones requires selecting species with high structural plasticity and optimized agrotechnologies. These insights provide a theoretical foundation for expanding medicinal plant cultivation in degraded and highly saline ecosystems across the Aral Sea basin.